Microscopic physical forces shape developing embryos

In animals, early developmental events are complex processes crucial for an individual to live a healthy life. Biological factors such as genetics and protein production are known cues that are important for embryonic development, but still not enough to trigger every step. 

Recently researchers at the National Institute for Basic Biology in Japan published a study demonstrating how mechanical cues — physical forces acting on dividing cells and developing tissues — influence early developmental processes in animals. Using the African clawed frog (Xenopus laevis) as a model organism, they showed that as the shapes of tissues change from forces like stretching and pulling, chemical signals cascade through the frog’s embryo and help it develop. This healthy development makes the tissues more resilient and prevents them from becoming deformed during later stages of development, highlighting the primary importance of mechanical cues in embryonic development.

Source: massivesci.com